护理法语：外科术前、术中与术后恢复对话

一、术在此以后等待

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

出院之在此以后为了确保病患份的安全及有许多工作要想到。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要验证并据信人类先兆。将任何异常情况告知医生。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有单极，例如、假肢以及假牙都应剃。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师可能则会希望让病变戴着假牙，所以牙医不能护理人员的建议。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，病变不能除去指甲油并卸妆。这样则会让医生更容易辨认病患应患上铜色病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination铜色病并不一定说明病变不能翻氧。还不对剃发夹等发饰，以免所致感染。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排尿或者导尿清空膀胱。膀胱内充满尿液可能则会在针头中所受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术在此以后病变需适用；还有剂清空消化道，小切除术除外。这则会尽量避免很多术后晕眩症状。还可以尽量避免感染。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂并不一定在病变先入切除术二楼在此以后30分钟到一小时内注射。这可以让过程先行地更容易一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后应轻声安慰病变先入休眠状态。切除术二楼内有时可以无需病变的一位家属陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，病变的病历表应带入切除术二楼，并且表不能完整。上面不能包括所有的核对和X光检查报告以及一份署名的切除术许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.过敏原和所需药物，如胰岛素，也应在表中所注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，王为牙医。我想去公共厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你不能去公共厕所。问你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上小便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.切除术后来几天你是不无需下床的。所以你不能学者适用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我才行。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候先切除术二楼？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.大概八点。我则会在七点睡着你然后从你的鼻孔中所吊入一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能告诉他我为什么要吊胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.切除术后第二、三天我们不能通过胃管给你喂食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.大概下午三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样了解我切除术的的发展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她则会在下车二楼。切除术一结束我们则会马上通报她。He you signed the consent?你在同意书上签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。切除术在此以后我应想到什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们则会给你剃须想到整洁。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要进食一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我真的了。切除术则会很嫌弃吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，针头中所你不则会显现出任何嫌弃痛。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.切除术后你惊醒的时候就仍然在病房了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你可能则会感到却是嫌弃并昏昏沉沉。如果嫌弃痛满脸的话我们则会给你注射一些缓解嫌弃痛的药物。Thank you.明天你 二、切除术中所

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，问想尽办法我接切除术二楼。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍等。从前占线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.切除术二楼May I speak to the head nurse?能问牙医长接电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

你好，我是牙医长。有什么可以想尽办法您？What's going on in the operation room right now?切除术二楼中所从前是什么情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我马上有一个紧急状况发病。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午王为医生的急性脑出血切除术想到充分等待。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时在此以后接收了一个比较严重肋骨骨折的病患。他不能当即做脊柱切除术。你们想尽办法我亦需紧急状况切除术吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我马上想到充分等待。一切等待完毕后来我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。问告诉他牙医血库则会给我们3或4其他部门的B型血供切除术适用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我不能想到全身，不能一位同事。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我马上通报王为医生。Thank you.明天你。You're welcome.不客气。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.病变还在昏迷状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他做了什么切除术？A chest operation.脊柱切除术。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么药物过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?切除术中所他血块很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他血块400ml。我们给他翻了2其他部门的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他翻其他容器了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、切除术后康复与护理

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

切除术后来，外科病患并不一定不能加强护理。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中所有一些缘故。当然，也则会有一些常见弊端消失。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些弊端是可以注定的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.切除术后来不能对病患先行脑组织动力学集中管理。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.病患的很多症状与基本的诊断弊端相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些病患则会消失术中所出血或术后感染。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这则会导致切除术后病情完全恢复不平衡。因此病患不能特别诊疗。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种情况在救治切除术病患身上极其常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果病患忽然糖类失调，不能将其送入加护加强护理病房。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性痛楚病变还则会消血块流动力学不平衡。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很可能则会消失急性上皮细胞加成，这是由比较严重骨质或者软组织受伤致使。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果消失较差血容量性休克，这说明伤势比较严重。有时不能对病患先行翻血来补充其体内肾脏。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.病患的生物体变化常常也则会不能特别集中管理。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非痛楚性疾病的救治病变的病症与肠穿孔塑性或肠坏死有关，那么病变整个机体可能则会受其因素。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些因素则会分别导致各个器官的系统性上皮细胞加成。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效治疗，病变可能消失多器官功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，加护送医救治病房的病变大部分是外科切除术病变。 五、术后完全恢复

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

王为医生，我这里很嫌弃。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你由此可知一些止嫌弃药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?从前好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.对不起，恐怕你从前不可以先食。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水想尽办法你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?明天。我什么时候可以先食？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.不能等你的肠鸣音和咽反射完全恢复后来才可以喝。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以进食进去了吗？I'm afraid you can't.恐怕不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以进食进去？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

切除术一天后来你可以进食一些流食。然后你不断可以进食软食，切除术四天后来就可以也就是说用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无刺激性或者不则会导致微粒产生的容器辅以，例如茶、咖啡、过滤食品、蔬菜汁和无脂汤。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食包括汤、鱼肉、非煎炸鸡蛋、豆腐、面条、饺子等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我应尽量避免进食哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.炒菜的早餐、太多的色拉甜酱汁、煎炸食品、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么不能特别注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你不能想到一些呼吸练球。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.呼吸练球可以防治呼吸系统中风。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己想到练球吗，还是你则会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我则会想尽办法你，给你提一些建议。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你从前可以告诉他我怎样想到吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按钮切除术切口，深呼吸然后咳嗽。我则会把你的床头升高一些。I see.我真的了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你感到有什么晕眩的话问按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我则会的，明天你。